What we found
Nothing within 150 km of Toronto or Vancouver is as affordable as downtown Calgary
0 of 113 municipalities within 150 km of Toronto (7.2 M people outside the city) and 0 of 58 within 150 km of Vancouver have a price-to-income ratio at or below Calgary's 4.65. The floor within 100 km of Toronto is 6.4 (Cavan Monaghan). The nearest Calgary-level place is Stone Mills, 212 km east; from Vancouver it is Williams Lake, 328 km.
The discount is real, but it stalls at about 7
Median ratio by ring around Toronto: core 10.7 → under 25 km 10.6 → 25–50 km 8.1 → 50–100 km 7.0 → 100–150 km 6.6. Edmonton, Winnipeg, Québec City and Halifax sit at 4.2–4.3 in their cores. That is a step change, not a discount.
Around Montréal and Ottawa the discount arrives in one suburb
Sainte-Catherine, 15 km from Montréal: 3.9. Terrebonne: 3.7. Gatineau, 24 km from Ottawa: 4.0. The same "drive out" advice gives completely different results depending on which city you start from.
Longer commutes come with higher ratios, not lower
Bid-rent theory says housing gets cheaper as the commute gets longer. Across the 732 municipalities the correlation runs the other way: Spearman +0.37 between the ratio and the share of commuters at 60+ minutes. Toronto's 50–100 km ring: 9.4% hour-plus (Innisfil 25.5%). The five affordable cores: 2.6–5.0%.
Where the country sits against the Calgary line
412 of 732 municipalities are at or below 4.65. But 93% of Ontario's and 96% of BC's 5,000+ population live above it, against 5% in Alberta and roughly 0–1% in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, New Brunswick and Newfoundland.